Since the 1960s, the national government has made a concerted effort to control the planning and administration of the criminal justice system. The Lord Chancellor was concerned with the efficiency and effectiveness of the courts, while the home secretary had increased authority for law enforcement and the prison service. This development was a direct result of the government having to deal with crises within various components of criminal justice. This arrangement, however, was becoming increasingly untenable. Critics raised several concerns, of which some cited constitutional issues. For example, questions were raised about the independence of the judiciary, while others focused on the incompatible responsibilities of the home secretary: policing and maintaining public order with prisons and protecting civil rights and reforming the criminal law. The ongoing furtherance of constitutional reform has attempted to rectify some of these problems. In 2007, a new Ministry of Justice was created and given responsibility for the courts, criminal law, prison and probation, and criminal justice reform. The Home Office had its focus narrowed to crime and policing, counter-terrorism, and immigration.
Over the course of the past three decades, almost every aspect of the criminal justice system has been the subject of interest to a government commission, an independent inquiry, or academic research. This has led to the passage of a significant amount of legislation directly impacting how the justice system is organized and administered. What happened in England during the 1980s and early 1990s is strikingly similar to what occurred in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s. The study of criminal justice has become a significant issue for the government and has emerged as an important field of study within Englands system of higher education.1. Case Summary
After reading the assignment for this week, select two countries and give an overview of each country’s police or law enforcement agencies. Include the background, current police structure and any relevant information necessary to present a good understanding of each.
2. Case Analysis
Compare similarities between the two selected country’s law enforcement structures.
3. Case Analysis
Contrast the differences in the two selected country’s law enforcement structures.
4. Executive Decisions
As a criminal justice professional in the United States, which country has the most in common with our country in the way their law enforcement is operated? Give examples.
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