1. The most abundant amino acid in collagen is: ? glycine ? lysine/hydroxylysine ? alanine ? proline/hydroxyproline

2. Chondroitin sulfate is built of: GalNAc + GlcUA

Alternating N-acetylgalactosamine and glucuronic acid, with variable sulfation along the polysaccharide. D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc).

3. Mark chemical functional groups that may be present in natural sugar derivatives ? sulfhydryl ? amine ? sulfate ? nitric ? acetylamine ? carboxyl ? acetyl

4. What is the impact of unsaturated fatty acids on the properties of cell membrane: Unsaturated fatty acid in their tails push adjacent phospholipid molecule away which help maintain fluidity in the membrane

5. Porins: ? are classified as peripheric membrane proteins ? serve as channels that enable transport of proteins inside the cell ? are present in outer membrane of bacteria, but also in mitochondrial and chloroplast

membranes ? are transmembrane proteins with B-barrel structure

6. List three groups of products derived from arachidonic acid through its cyclic oxidation Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes

7. Mark the true sentences ? Glutathione acts as a scavenger of free radicals through the formation of disulfide

bonds between the two molecules. ? Vasopressin is nonapeptide hormone involved in maintaining blood pressure ? Glutathione is an important tripeptide involved in maintaining redox balance inside

the cell.

8. Mark true sentences ? Polypeptide chain fragments of regular secondary structure are connected with tight B

turns and irregular omega loops. ? In the hydrogen bond stabilizing secondary protein structure carbonyl group is

hydrogen donor while amine group is hydrogen acceptor. ? Mesomeric transfer of electrons makes peptide bond rigid and lacking free rotation? ? Secondary protein structure is maintained by hydrogen bonds located in amino acids

side chains ? Desmosine is a product of a cross-link of four valine side chains and maintains the

structure of keratins.

9. Mark the amino acids which are susceptible to nitration ? Phe ? Val ? Tyr ? His ? Asp ? Arg

10. Biogenic amines derived from tryptophan include: ? DOPA ? melatonine ? adrenaline ? serotonine ? putrescine

11. Biogenic amines derived from tyrosine include: ? DOPA ? serotonine ? histamine ? cadaverine ? adrenaline

12. 45 mg of glucose (MW = 180 g/mol) was dissolved in water to prepare 100 mL of the solution. Its molar concentration is:

? 4 mM ? 0,04 M ? 2,5 mM

13. The percentage of 2M solution of NaCl (MW = 58,5 g/mol, density of the solution: 1 g/mL) is:

? 29 % ? 11,7 % ? 5,85 %

14. In mammal biological membranes, the following lipid compounds may be present: ? cholesteryl esters ? glycerophospholipids ? cerebrosides and gangliosides ? lipopolysaccarides ? triacylglycerides ? phosphoceramides

15. Mark sentences that characterize a-helical transmembrane proteins ? transmembrane fragments contain mostly serine, aspargine and cysteine to anchor in

the membrane ? may serve as signal transduction molecules exploiting extracellular domain to catch

the signal and intrac