In the previous three modules you have completed research and built an annotated bibliography. Review and finalize your article summaries. Compile your article summaries into a final annotated bibliography and provide a draft of your project proposal. This draft can have section titles with short descriptions for each of them.
1
Yi, J., Zhang, H., Liu, H., Zhong, G., & Li, G. (2021). Flight Delay Classification Prediction
Based on Stacking Algorithm. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2021.
This article is accredited to Yi, Liu, and Li, who are associated with the College of
Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing in China. The article
references most of the journal that provides substantive information regarding the comparative
experiments related to Boston Logan International Airport. The substantive information provided
by other journals to support the article’s claims enhances its credibility. The article’s primary
objective is to prove the benefits of the stacking algorithm concerning the airport flight delay
estimation. The primary focus is on the algorithm selection issues associated with machine
learning technology. The authors utilize the principle of the stacking classification algorithm in
investigating the advantages of the stacking algorithm. The authors also select the SMOTE
algorithm typically applied to process imbalanced datasets. Also, the Boruta algorithm is used in
examining the process of feature selection. The authors conducted the first-level learner’s
analysis to prove the study’s hypothesis. In this case, the Random Forest is attributed to good
performance compared to Logistic regression and Naive Bayes. Based on the six experiments
done on the Boston logan International Airport, there is no significant difference between the
groups with different level earners. The prediction estimation accuracy based on the analysis is
0.8, closely related to the stacking results. The critical finding from the study reveals that the
stacking algorithm is effective in providing prediction accuracy. Also, the stacking algorithm is
2
attributed to delivering more excellent stability. Therefore, the stacking algorithm is depicted as
the most reliable in providing solutions on the process of algorithm selection, especially when
addressing complex datasets such as flight datasets.
The contributions of the Logan International airport data conducted in 2019 helps the
authors to generate the significant findings of the study. For instance, the Long International
Airport data assisted in utilizing the Boruta algorithm used in selecting features. Features
selection is a fundamental process used in machine learning technology. The authors verified the
effectiveness of the Boruta algorithm by performing an experimental comparison that provided
consistent results. Also, the study proposes a flight delay prediction categorization approach
based on a stacking algorithm. According to Yi et al. (2021), the main attribute of this approach
is the use of Naïve Bayes and the second-level learners. The criteria expressed by the authors
suggest that the latter system uses Logistic Regression. The experiment was done at the Boston
Logan International Airport shows that Random Forest demonstrated the best overall
performance. Focusing on the study’s primary goals, which entails exploring the stability of the
stacking algorithm, the authors utilized an experiment done on the Logan International Airport.
The central idea entails justifying the strengths or weaknesses of the stacking performance. The
key finding from the study is that, even though the strong and weak learners are eliminated, the
overall stacking performance is not affected. Hence, the study concludes that stacking algorithms
is essential in providing algorithm solutions that are utilized in machine learning. In addition, the
authors propose that further studies and other techniques used to evaluate flight delay prediction
should be conducted. The proposed further study should focus on establishing valuable features
that can measure the impacts of weather on flight delays. The article provides essential and
substantive information which will significantly contribute to the final project. The study gives
3
insight into the company’s analytics, which are vital in determining its efficiency in operations.
Besides, the algorithm methods studied in this article will help determine the risks associated
with the company, which might require a comprehensive cost analysis.

Purchase answer to see full
attachment